La rentrée scolaire 2024-2025 est lancée officiellement ce mardi 1er octobre 2024, les parents haïtiens sont confrontés à des défis presque insurmontables. La combinaison entre la crise socio-économique et l’insécurité galopante transforment l’accès à l’éducation en un véritable luxe inaccessible pour des milliers d’enfants.
Des camps de réfugiés, établis dans des écoles telles que le Lycée Marie-Jeanne, le Lycée des Jeunes Filles et le Lycée Firmin, abritent des familles déplacées qui se battent pour offrir à leurs enfants une chance d’aller à l’école.
Dans le cadre d’un micro-trottoir, nous avons recueilli les témoignages poignants de plusieurs parents haïtiens, contraints de vivre dans des conditions extrêmement précaires à cause de la crise actuelle.
Nathalie, mère de quatre enfants, vivant dans le camp de réfugiés du Lycée Marie-Jeanne, partage sa détresse :
» Mon mari a perdu son travail. Nous avons dû fuir notre maison à cause des gangs à Carrefour Feuille. Maintenant, nous vivons dans ce camp, comment allons-nous payer les frais de scolarité ? C’est tout simplement impossible « , nous confie-t-elle.
Son témoignage fait écho à celui de Patrick, déplacé avec sa famille et actuellement au Lycée Firmin : « Mes enfants me demandent quand ils retourneront à l’école, mais comment leur expliquer que je n’ai même pas de quoi pour acheter les uniformes ni les matériels didactiques? Déjà c’est un combat quotidien pour trouver de quoi manger « , a-t-il avoué.
Pour ceux qui ne vivent pas dans les camps, la situation n’est guère meilleure. Roseline, mère de deux garçons, tente de jongler avec les dépenses : » Les prix ont tellement augmenté que je n’arrive même plus à acheter les fournitures scolaires de base. En plus, il faut penser aux frais de transport. Avant, c’était difficile, mais là, c’est pire « , nous dit-elle.
Les frais de scolarité, l’achat des livres et les dépenses liées à la rentrée scolaire pèsent lourdement sur des familles déjà accablées par la précarité.
Dans ce contexte socio-économique précaire et sécuritaire perplexe, les parents haïtiens font face à de nombreux défis. Pour la rentrée des classes de cette année, les parents d’élèves des écoles publiques bénéficieront d’une subvention de 15 à 20 mille gourdes de la part du Ministère de l’ Éducation Nationale et de la Formation Professionnelle (MENFP). Ce projet coûtera 5 milliards de gourdes. Les parents des élèves des écoles publiques recevront cette somme sous forme de transfert.
Le gouvernement de Gary Conille facilitera ainsi les parents haïtiens qui n’ont pas les moyens nécessaires pour la rentrée scolaire avec une subvention de 15 à 20 mille gourdes pour l’année académique 2024-2025. Une aide jugée indispensable pour préparer la rentrée.
L’insécurité : une menace permanente pour l’éducation
En plus des difficultés financières, l’insécurité constitue une menace sérieuse. Dans certaines zones contrôlées par des groupes armés, accéder aux écoles est devenu un acte risqué. Yvan, père de famille vivant à Cité Soleil, raconte :
« Mon fils devrait commencer l’école cette année, mais l’établissement est situé dans une zone où les gangs s’affrontent régulièrement. Je ne peux pas risquer sa vie pour qu’il aille en classe. »
Un système éducatif en péril : des actions nécessaires
Les autorités haïtiennes doivent agir rapidement face à la gravité de la situation. Malgré les mesures prises par le MENFP (Ministère de l’Éducation Nationale et de la Formation Professionnelle), exhortant les directeurs et directrices des écoles à éviter d’ouvrir leurs portes en septembre et à respecter l’annonce du début officiel fixé ce 1er octobre, les problèmes demeurent.
Le gouvernement a tenté de proposer des programmes pour les élèves du troisième cycle, mais la fermeture de plusieurs établissements scolaires, situés dans des zones désormais contrôlées par des gangs armés, reste un problème majeur.
Cela crée une fracture dans le système éducatif, avec une partie des élèves qui iront à l’école, tandis que d’autres seront contraints de rester chez eux. Si des mesures urgentes ne sont pas prises, la situation pourrait se détériorer davantage, entraînant des conséquences encore plus graves sur le secteur de l’éducation en Haïti.
Dans ce contexte chaotique, l’éducation en Haïti est en train de devenir un privilège réservé à quelques-uns, alors qu’elle devrait être un droit pour tous. Les parents, épuisés et désespérés, continuent de se battre pour l’avenir de leurs enfants, mais combien de temps pourront-ils encore tenir ?
À l’aube de cette rentrée 2024-2025, la nation tout entière se demande combien d’enfants devront encore sacrifier leur avenir avant que des solutions réelles et durables ne soient enfin mises en place. Tant de questions sans réponse !
Juste un clin d’œil !
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