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Diplomatie-Economie : Qui paiera le prix de la fermeture des frontières Haïtiano-Dominicaine

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La République Dominicaine a adopté plusieurs mesures pour protester contre la construction d’un canal d’irrigation par des haïtiens sur la Rivière Massacre. En qualifiant cette construction de violation du traité de paix, d’amitié perpétuelle et d’arbitrage de 1929, le gouvernement dominicain entend imposer sa volonté unilatérale pour faire fléchir les acteurs haïtiens qui, pour leur part, se retranchent derrière leur droit de disposer de leurs ressources naturelles. Cette détermination réciproque n’est pas sans conséquence économique.

 

Les avis sont partagés entre économiste et spécialiste sur les retombées de ces décisions et la voie royale pour retrouver une solution équitable

La République d’Haïti et la république Dominicaine, deux pays qui partagent la même île, le même écosystème, voient fermer aujourd’hui toutes les frontières qui les unissent.

« Du point de vue du marché binational, les habitants qui s’adonnent au commerce informel à la frontière sur les quatre points qui relient les deux républiques dont Malpasse, Elías piñas, Ouanaminthe et belladère seront les plus affectés », a fait savoir l’économiste et politologue Joseph Harold PIERRE.

« Quant aux conséquences économiques pour le gouvernement haïtien, elles ne seront pas considérables à cause de la fraude fiscale qui existe à la frontière, où chaque année, l’Etat haïtien perd près de 375 millions de dollars américains, ce qui représentent la moyenne de 10% de ce que gagnent les dominicains pour cette même période », a-t-il renchéri.

Cependant, la fermeture ne pourra pas durer longtemps parce que les conséquences économiques pour la république dominicaine seront de 95% et pour Haïti, elles ne seront que de 5%. Devant la fierté nationaliste des haïtiens à continuer leur projet sur la rivière massacre, les citoyens dominicains vont commencer à protester contre leur gouvernement qui ne pourra pas maintenir ses décisions, poursuit-il.

Pour l’ancien consul d’Haïti à Santiago M. James Jacques, les conséquences sur le plan économique seront plus catastrophiques pour les dominicains que pour les haïtiens en raison du fait qu’Haïti est le principal marché de la République Dominicaine. Car, les produits agricoles des producteurs dominicains : bananes, l’ail, citrons et autres sont en grande partie écoulés sur le marché haïtien, hors depuis la fermeture partielle de la frontière, les agriculteurs dominicains se sont montés sur leurs grabds chevaux contre les autorités de la République voisine.

«D’un autre côté, cette fermeture provoquera une rareté sur le marché haïtien, ce qui peut aussi servir de stimulant pour relancer la production nationale », ajoute-t-il, brandissant le fait qu’Haïti n’est pas autosuffisante.

« Dans le domaine de l’immigration, l’état haïtien perçoit une infirme partie sur les tickets de voyage que paient les haïtiens qui décident de se rendre en République dominicaine. Mais une fois arrivé, les dépenses sont multiples en frais d’hôtel, de restauration, d’achat, à ceux-ci s’ajoute la décision du président Abinader de compenser les pertes des commerçants dominicains » a t-il déclaré.

C’est la Première fois que les haïtiens décident de prendre une prise sur la rivière alors que la République dominicaine est déjà à 11 prises. Car, selon le traité de paix de 1929, et selon le deoit international, toute richesse et bien situé au niveau de lanligne frontalière appartient aux deux peuples dans la mesure que l’utilisation ne vise pas à détruire la richesse. En effet, la prise effectuée par Haïti ne va rien déranger ni dans le débit, ni dans la vitesse de la rivière, conclut-il.

Selon les interviewés, la meilleure voie pour solutionner le problème doit venir d’un couloir diplomatique. Car la république d’Haïti n’a rien fait d’illégal et la république Dominicaine doit se soumettre audit traité. Les haïtiens doivent profiter de ce conflit pour s’entendre et promouvoir la stabilité de leur pays en vue d’une autosuffisance alimentaire. C’est également une opportunité à saisir pour contrôler la frontière, sources d’instabilité car les armes qui sèment le deuil et la désolation au sein de la population haïtienne passent en grande partie par la République dominicaine.

Juste un clin d’œil !

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