Emmanuel VERTILAIRE, membre du Conseil Présidentiel de Transition (CPT), a obtenu une décision favorable suite à l’appel qu’il avait interjeté de l’ordonnance rendue contre lui le 2 décembre 2024 par le juge d’instruction Benjamin FÉLISMÉ, pour des faits de corruption passives, trafic d’influence et abus de fonction.
Dans un arrêt rendu le 19 février 2025, la Cour d’Appel de Port-au-Prince a annulé les mandats de comparution émis en décembre 2024 par le juge Benjamin FELISMÉ. La Cour a estimé que, en raison de son statut de Conseiller-Président, VERTILAIRE ne pouvait être poursuivi devant un tribunal de droit commun.
Un verdict centré sur le statut des Conseillers-Présidents
Aux côtés de Smith AUGUSTIN et Louis Gérald GILLES, ses collègues du CPT, Emmanuel VERTILAIRE faisait face à des poursuites dans le cadre de l’affaire concernant la Banque Nationale de Crédit (BNC). La Cour d’Appel a ordonné l’abandon des enquêtes sur cette affaire, mettant ainsi fin à un dossier qui avait alimenté de nombreuses réactions au sein de la classe politique et de la société civile.
Depuis sa nomination au CPT en avril 2024, VERTILAIRE est dans le collimateur de ses ennemis qui ne lui ont jamais pardonné pour sa droiture et sa rectitude dans le traitement de grands dossiers quand il était juge d’instruction. Il est un mal aimé de plus d’un.
L’ancien magistrat instructeur s’était déjà illustré dans des affaires sensibles avant de rejoindre le CPT. Son rôle, notamment dans la conduite du chantier « Justice » au sein du Conseil, fait de lui une figure clé du paysage politique.
L’affaire BNC s’inscrit dans ce climat de vives tensions politiques. La Cour d’Appel a clarifié que les Conseillers-Présidents bénéficient d’un statut particulier. Ils sont exempts de jugement devant une juridiction ordinaire en les soumettant à une procédure spéciale. Cette décision a levé l’incertitude juridique entourant le fonctionnement du CPT.
Un parcours judiciaire marqué par des défis
Avant de rejoindre le CPT, Emmanuel VERTILAIRE avait occupé des postes clés dans le système judiciaire haïtien. En 2018, alors juge d’instruction à Cap-Haïtien, il avait inculpé Antonio JULES, ancien délégué départemental du Nord pour avoir été le principal instigateur lors des attaques meurtrières au moyen de gaz lacrymogène ayant entraîné la mort de Jacques Henri DUBOIS . Cette affaire avait suscité des remous, provoqué de vives tensions et soulevé des questions sur l’indépendance du pouvoir judiciaire.
Son mandat non renouvelé, il avait dénoncé les pressions politiques exercées sur lui avant de quitter le Conseil Supérieur du Pouvoir Judiciaire (CSPJ). Ce parcours a renforcé son image d’homme engagé, tout en alimentant des critiques sur la gestion de certains dossiers quand il fut juge et juge d’instruction.
Des réformes ambitieuses au sein du CPT
Depuis sa nomination au CPT, Emmanuel VERTILAIRE a été un acteur clé dans plusieurs réformes visant à moderniser le système judiciaire et à renforcer l’État de droit en Haïti. Il a joué un rôle majeur dans le lancement d’un programme de numérisation du système judiciaire, soutenu par le Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement (PNUD).
En outre, il a contribué à la mise en place de nouveaux tribunaux dans plusieurs régions du pays, notamment à Limbé, Jean-Rabel, Belladère, Ouanaminthe et La Gonâve, ainsi qu’à l’ouverture d’un Tribunal de Paix à Mare-Rouge. Ces initiatives visent à améliorer l’accès à la justice, bien que leur mise en œuvre reste entravée par les défis structurels du pays.
Une décision qui ne clôt pas les débats politiques
Si la Cour d’Appel a écarté les poursuites contre Emmanuel VERTILAIRE et ses collègues, cette affaire met en lumière les tensions persistantes autour du CPT et de la transition politique. Le climat politique en Haïti reste marqué par des rivalités intenses et des luttes de pouvoir, où les institutions judiciaires sont souvent perçues comme des instruments de confrontation.
La clarification judiciaire permet au Conseil Présidentiel de Transition de stabiliser son fonctionnement. Cependant, au-delà du verdict, des questions subsistent sur les responsabilités des acteurs politiques et judiciaires dans la gestion des affaires publiques.
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